Yin Xi’s research group reported that compared to healthy controls, patients with polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM) showed elevated levels of NLRP3, IL-1β, and IL-18 mRNA in muscle fiber tissues, as well as increased expression of NLRP3 and caspase-1 p20 protein subunit (64). This evidence concerns the gene IL18 and polymyositis.