When AP occurs, a large number of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukins (e.g., interleukin-1, interleukin-6), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are released, and these inflammatory mediators can injure endothelial cells through multiple pathways and trigger endothelial dysfunction (12, 13, 26). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is alkaline phosphatase measurement.