A defining characteristic of tauopathies, first observed by Alois Alzheimer in the brains of AD patients in 1906, is the presence of insoluble inclusions composed of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) formed by tau protein.157 These NFTs consist of paired helical filaments (PHFs) of tau.158,159 Notably, tauopathies are distinguished by unique pathological filament structures, as the conformers vary between different diseases, although they remain consistent among patients with the same condition.160,161. Here, MAPT is linked to Alzheimer disease.