As shown in Figure 2, The random‐effects IVW results estimated that genetically predicted eotaxin levels (or = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.05–1.53, p = 0.014), OPG levels (or = 1.29, 1.03–1.60, p = 0.023) and tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9 (TNFRSF9) levels (or = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.06–1.64, p = 0.014) had significant adverse effects on the development of NAFLD, while elevated of LIF levels (or = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.51–0.87, p = 0.003) reduce NAFLD onset. Here, TNFRSF9 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.