S100A9 and neoplasm: When comparing the tumor + CUMS group with the tumor + CUMS + HIS group, the expressions of p-STAT3 (p < 0.01) and S100A9 (p < 0.01) were significantly decreased in the tumor + CUMS + HIS group, with no significant differences in HDC and STAT3 proteins (Figures 3C, D).