It had been reported in the literature that nucleoporin played a role in a variety of cells that affected development, for example, NUP188 was a candidate gene for congenital heart disease, and knocking out this gene in Xeno-pus embryonic development would lead to left-right patterning disruption, and genes such as NUP98 and NUP153 had been implicated in the import or integration of HIV-1 (Reza et al., 2016). Here, NUP98 is linked to congenital heart disease.