Recent investigations further elucidate the intricate interplay of these pathways in modulating glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity, exemplified by a study demonstrating that a degraded sweet corn cob polysaccharide ameliorates T2DM through the modulation of BAs synthesis and hepatic lipid metabolism, a mechanism that involves the activation of the hepatic FXR/SHP pathway and the engagement of the FXR/FGF15/FGFR4 signaling axis within the gut-liver axis (194). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.