YB1 could not only bound to the PD-L1 promoter to increase its expression, but also suppressed the secretion of chemokines like interleukin 10 (IL-10), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ), which fostered an immunosuppressive microenvironment to facilitate immune evasion of HCC [35]. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and hepatocellular carcinoma.