Moreover, the piRNAs, namely, piR-hsa-9010, piR-hsa-28646, and piR-hsa-23619 are significantly upregulated in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients, with piR-hsa-28646 and piR-hsa-23619 showing higher expression in Primary Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) (Figure 8A), with involvement in key signalling pathways such as Wnt and TNF signalling. Here, PIR is linked to myocardial infarction.