Early MMP inhibition (at the time of Mtb infection) with a broad spectrum MMP inhibitor (BB-94) in mice resulted in decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 and IL-2), premature increase in IL-4, delayed and smaller granuloma formation, and more rapid progression of disease characterized by small lung nodules suggestive of miliary TB (263). Here, IL1B is linked to tuberculosis.