In the Glioma/NC group, 8 proteins (COL1A1, PRL, VWF, HBD, SF3B1, NME3, RRBP1, and CSRP1) were selected, with an AUC of 0.892 in the training set and 0.871 in the validation set (accuracy: 78.5%). Here, VWF is linked to glioma.