ALB and Renal insufficiency: No significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of age, gender distribution, duration of dialysis, history of renal insufficiency, comorbidities, mortality risk, follow-up duration, and baseline levels of hemoglobin (Hb), albumin (ALB), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), parathormone (PTH), calcium (Ca), phosphate (P), beta-crosslaps (β-CTX), propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP), and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), as shown in Table 1.