Clearly, insulin is a key player in diabetes.Insulin plays a criticalrole in regulating blood glucose levels and is the only hormone responsiblefor controlling these levels.4,5 Upon synthesis of insulinas preproinsulin on the rough endoplasmic reticulum, the producedproinsulin molecules are transferred to the trans Golgi apparatus.Then, proinsulins are packaged into secretory vesicles (Approximately200 ± 100 nm in diameter) in solid hexamer complexes with Znions (In the form of Ins6Zn2, an orange star-shapedstructure within the vesicle (See Figure 1b)). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is diabetes mellitus.