One study involving 93 OSA patients revealed that alterations in the gut microbiota were characterized by a decrease in the abundance of SCFA producers (including Faecalibacterium, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Bacteroides), an increase for the pathogenic Prevotella, and concomitantly a reduction in the serum levels of IL-6 (Ko et al., 2019). This evidence concerns the gene IL6 and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.