In particular, the inhibition of Xist gene expression can suppress cell proliferation, indicating that high expression of the lncRNA Xist might account for the sex differences in the proliferative potential of pulmonary arterial endothelial cells in women and consequently boost their susceptibility to pulmonary arterial hypertension (Qin et al., 2021). This evidence concerns the gene XIST and pulmonary arterial hypertension.