Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), one of the pro-fibrotic cytokines, promotes the onset of tissue fibrosis and assumes a crucial role in the physiological changes of myocardial fibrosis, triggering the accumulation of Periostin protein, which reduces the adhesion between cardiomyocytes and myocardial fibroblasts and induces cardiac dilatation, resulting in the development of HF [7], [8], [9]. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is hydrops fetalis.