Moreover, colorectal cancer cell lines were cocultured with C. butyricum to detect the expression of the MyD88 and Nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) genes, and the expression of the two genes in the colorectal cancer cell lines was reduced by C. butyricum treatment, which suggested that C. butyricum may inhibit the progression of colorectal cancer by regulating the expression of the MyD88 and NF-κB genes. This evidence concerns the gene MYD88 and colorectal cancer.