LGG promotes the resolution of inflammatory responses in the tumor microenvironment and inhibits tumor angiogenesis by activating formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) [60].Akkermansia muciniphila induce an anti-tumor immune response and exert a protective effect by increasing CD8 + cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in a mouse model of colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) [106, 107]. Here, CD8A is linked to neoplasm.