This study is the first to report the ameliorative effects of memantine and/or rosuvastatin on the cognitive derangements in AD rats that are partly hinged on the modulation of TGF-β1/Smad/p21 signaling and transporters governing the clearance of Aβ across the BBB along with their associated microRNAs. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and Alzheimer disease.