HEPHL1 and disease arising from reactivation of latent virus: Zp and Rp are heavily methylated and silenced in latent infection, whereas histone acetylation of Zp and Rp enhances gene accessibility and promotes the binding of transcription factors during lytic replication (Speck et al., 1997; Miller et al., 2007; Woellmer and Hammerschmidt, 2013; Daskalogianni et al., 2015; Guo and Gewurz, 2022).