Subtypes of BEST1-3 are responsible for vitelliform macular dystrophy, regulating the cilia of olfactory sensory neuronal activity; others regulate cGMP-dependent calcium-activated chloride conductance in vascular smooth muscle cells (Matchkov et al., 2008; Pifferi et al., 2009). The gene discussed is BEST1; the disease is vitelliform macular dystrophy.