We searched for such genetic variations in lung cancer patients using The Cancer Genome Atlas data, focusing on a panel of 10 pathway-regulating genes: IFNGR1, IFNGR2, JAK1, JAK2, PTPN2, STAT1, IRF1, PIAS1, SOCS1, and ISG15 (“Materials and Methods”). The gene discussed is PIAS1; the disease is lung cancer.