IFNG and cancer: Normally, the innate immune system, composed of natural killer (NK) cells, polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes, mast cells, and antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), is faster than the adaptive immune system in recognizing and eliminating cancer cells through the production of inflammatory cytokines, including interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and perforin[18].