BAX and melanoma: A study conducted by Lui, N et al., in 2018, on V. negundo L found that its metabolic, VB1 (vitexin metabolic 1), can induce apoptosis by increasing the expression of pro-apoptotic Bax and decreasing the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, thereby leading to cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase in melanoma cells (Liu et al., 2018).