Unlike oncogenes such as GNAQ and GNA11 which require specific activating mutations resulting in mutational hotspots, as a tumor suppressor loss of function mutations in BAP1 lack a clearly defined pattern, hence sequencing techniques are required for ctDNA analyses to capture the wide range of mutations in BAP1. On the other hand, EIF1AX and SF3B1 have oncogenic function (76, 77) with known mutational hotspots in exon 1 and 2 for EIF1AX, and codons R625, K666 and K700 for SF3B1 (78–80). Here, GNA11 is linked to neoplasm.