CSF2 and melanoma: An open-label and multi-institutional randomized phase III study of 436 patients with unresectable melanomas conducted by Andtbacka et al. [6] showed that the durable response rate (DRR), the overall response rate (ORR), the median overall survival (OS) were significantly higher with T-VEC than the gene encoding human granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF).