For example, attenuation of Erk phosphorylation and FSP1/S100A4 expression were evidently more effective by the 140 and 543 mutants, whereas syndecan-1, tumor fibrosis (i.e., collagen deposition), and deposition of collagen IV, were increased by the 140/543 mutants vs WT Hpa2. Here, HPSE2 is linked to neoplasm.