CD38 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: (Supplementary Figure 1) When we analyzed the changes in lymphocyte subsets after 2 cycles of neoadjuvant therapy, we found a group of peripheral lymphocyte subsets increased significantly (P<0.05) in ESCC patients who achieved pCR, including Lymph cells (p=0.042), NK cells, (p=0.042), CD8+T cells(p=0.042), CD8+CD28+T cells(p=0.039), CD8+DR+T cells(p=0.02), and CD8+CD38+T cells(p=0.02).