MTOR and Parkinson disease: In PD, BE elevates AMPK phosphorylation and inhibits the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activity, whereas miR-30b-5p overexpression and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) silencing partially abolish the function of BE in regulating the AMPK/mTOR pathway (Chen et al., 2021b).