,11,12,109,120 The observed increase in PDX1 expression of CFTR-KO pancreatic ducts was postulated to be either due to the altered signals from the remodeled pancreatic environment or due to a cell-autonomous change associated with ADM, as often observed in PDX1-positive PDAC caused by chronic pancreatitis.23 The gene discussed is CFTR; the disease is chronic pancreatitis.