Notably, BMP signaling inhibitor (CHRDL1) and WNT signaling activator (TRIM14) were upregulated 5.7-fold and 5.6-fold in CF PDEs (p < 0.05), respectively (Table S1A), indicating potential repression of BMP and activation of WNT signaling.33 Here, TRIM14 is linked to cystic fibrosis.