We observed genotypic differences in mRNA expression for several ductal markers in proliferating PDCs and polarized pancreatic ductal epithelia (henceforth called PDE when speaking about ALI cultures), with KRT7, CDH1, and SOX9 expression being elevated in CF and HNF6 being lower in CF (Figure 1J). The gene discussed is CDH1; the disease is cystic fibrosis.