AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma: Currently, AFP is the most widely used biomarker for liver cancer screening and diagnosis, with sensitivity and specificity for hepatocellular carcinoma ranging from 41% to 65% and 80% to 94%, respectively.[5,6] However, about 40% of hepatocellular carcinoma patients do not have elevated AFP levels, and chronic liver diseases can also result in elevated AFP levels during active inflammation.[7,8] Additionally, AFP has limited sensitivity to intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.[9,10] These findings suggest that AFP has limitations in diagnosing liver cancer.