Statistical differences were observed between the 2 groups regarding the covariates of gender, age, education level, marital status, race, PIR, smoking status, alcohol consumption, BMI, Hemoglobin (HG), ALT, AST, LDH, potassium, uric acid, albumin, serum iron, calcium, creatinine, HDL-C, TC, diabetes, and hypertension (all P < .05) (Table 1). Here, GDF15 is linked to Hypertension.