Cytokines such as interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), IL-17a, IL-12p70, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), platelet-derived growth factor-beta, platelet-derived growth factor-bb (PDGF-bb), IFN-α2 and IFN-γ, measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), were increased in morphea patients compared to controls [46]. This evidence concerns the gene IFNA2 and localized scleroderma.