VCAM-1 has previously been implicated in the adhesion of monocytes to conventional vascular endothelial cells, such as human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) [89] and human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) [90], and is highly present on the vasculature and sinusoids of HCC tumours [91]. The gene discussed is VCAM1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.