PIK3R1 and gestational diabetes: In leukocytes from the GDM and pGDM groups, PIK3R1, SLC2A1, and SLC2A3 were upregulated and IRS1 was downregulated, with a larger magnitude in fold change (FC) values for PIK3R1 and IRS1 in the GDM group and for SLC2A1 and SLC2A3 in the pGDM group.