Notably, the cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction, NF-κB, TNF, IL-17, NOD-like receptors, chemokines, Toll-like receptors, and Staphylococcus aureus infection pathways were also significantly enriched in the Con_vs_AD comparison group, suggesting that these signaling pathways may play an important role in the treatment of AD with AZF. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is staphylococcus aureus infection.