These results emphasize that IL-17, NOD-like receptors, chemokines, Toll-like receptors, Staphylococcus aureus infection, NF-κB, JAK-STAT, and TNF, as well as chemokines and cytokines, are jointly involved in the immune and inflammatory responses induced by DNFB in atopic dermatitis mice. Here, TNF is linked to staphylococcus aureus infection.