Interestingly, only schaftoside significantly upregulated the expression of filaggrin (FLG) by 93% (Figure 8), a structural protein that plays an important role in the skin’s barrier function and is implicated in some of the most common dermatological diseases, such as atopic dermatitis (AD) and ichthyosis vulgaris. The gene discussed is FLG; the disease is ichthyosis vulgaris.