This decrease in IFN-γ may impede tumour cells recognition by adaptive immunity through induction of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) and interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) transcription factors, potentially leading to impaired immune surveillance against cancer cells [19]. The gene discussed is IRF1; the disease is neoplasm.