Tumour tissues from treated animals exhibited increased levels of cluster of differentiation (CD)3+ T cells and enhanced expression of genes encoding receptors involved in pattern recognition (i.e., factors regulating ongoing immune responses such as CD80/CD28, CD86/CD28, CD40/CD154 (CD40L), CD4, and CD1d), together with increased levels of related downstream signalling molecules (e.g., myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88-like). The gene discussed is CD28; the disease is neoplasm.