The findings in our study align with previous research, suggesting that copy number variations (CNVs) in RNF115, CTSK, S100A1, MUC1, RAB25 [50,51], ANGPTL1 [50], MTF2 [52], TMED5 [52], MCOLN2 [50], MCOLN3 [50], LAPTM5 [50], and NBL1 [53,54] could be valuable biomarkers for distinguishing benign RO from malignant ChRCC, which is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning. This evidence concerns the gene CTSK and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma.