CASP9 and cancer: Apoptosis analysis indicated an increase in the expression of pro-apoptotic genes (BAD, Caspase-3, Caspase-8, Caspase-9, Fas-R) and a reduction in the anti-apoptotic gene (Bcl-2) in the treated cells, suggesting that BHE and betanin suppress cancer cell proliferation and induce apoptosis by modifying gene expression [106].