Examples include the longitudinal monitoring of exosomal miRNAs in patients with advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma receiving chemoimmunotherapy [129] and longitudinal measurements of exosomal PD-L1 and LAG-3 in conjunction with PD-L1 detection in the circulating tumor cells (CTCs) of hepatocellular carcinoma patients receiving immunotherapy [130]. Here, CD274 is linked to squamous cell lung carcinoma.