A versatile theranostic platform for colorectal cancer was made possible by electroporatic loading of DOX into MSC-exosomes and functionalization with a carboxylic acid-end MUC1 aptamer (DOX@exosome-apt), which allowed for fluorescence imaging via selective delivery to MUC1-positive cancer cells and inhibition of tumor growth in BALB/c mice [203]. Here, MUC1 is linked to colorectal cancer.