ALDH1A1 and liver disorder: In response to our concerns about the potential impact of hemolysis and/or liver diseases on the results, we investigated the ALDH1 activities in patient serum samples under the following conditions: (1) without elevated liver enzymes (LDH, AspT, and AlAT) and without visible signs of hemolysis; (2) without elevated liver enzymes (LDH, AspT, and AlAT) but with visible signs of hemolysis; and (3) with elevated liver enzymes (LDH, AspT, and AlAT) and without visible signs of hemolysis.