Methods: All slides (H&E, p16INK4a, p53, Ki-67, CK17, and SOX2 stains) were independently assessed by six pathologists and the final diagnosis was reached in consensus meetings, as follows: 46 human papillomavirus (HPV)-independent VIN (including 30 p53 mutant and 16 p53 wild-type lesions), 58 high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs), 4 low-grade SILs (LSILs), 37 non-dysplastic lesions, and 5 lesions where the histology was inconclusive. This evidence concerns the gene TP53 and squamous cell intraepithelial neoplasia.