LEDGF/p75 depletion leads to accumulation of R-loops and DNA damage at gene promoters or transcription start sites, increasing the sensitivity of PCa cells to the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) inhibitor Olaparib and DNA damaging chemotherapeutic drugs such as etoposide [83]. The gene discussed is PARP1; the disease is posterior cortical atrophy.