Notably, pathways of the “three-signal model” of T cell lymphoma pathogenesis exhibited different activation patterns between patch and plaque (Table 2): TCR signalling was enriched in both patch and plaque, whereas interleukin-13 (IL-13) signalling, CD28 co-stimulation, and co-stimulation through death receptors activating NF-κB [44,45] were enriched solely in the plaque stage. This evidence concerns the gene CD28 and T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.