NRP1 and neoplasm: For instance, AGuIX nanoparticles functionalized with a porphyrin photosensitizer and a KDKPPR peptide ligand targeting neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) have demonstrated an increased uptake by M2 macrophages and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), leading to enhanced PDT effects and tumor vessel destruction [29,53].