We found that there was no difference between the IP injection (SMD= −2.89, 95%CI: −3.98, −1.80; p < 0.00001) and IV injection (SMD= −1.88, 95%CI: −2.38, −1.38; p < 0.00001) to reduce the α-SMA in PF models. Here, ACTA1 is linked to pemphigus foliaceus.