ESR2 and osteoporosis: Genistein, have excellent pharmacological activities against osteoporosis, cardiovascular diseases, sexual dysfunction, inflammation, and cancers (Lu et al., 2022), also an important active ingredient, attenuates apoptosis by upregulating ER-β and increasing FOXL2 expression, which downregulates TGF-β, inhibiting ovarian follicle transformation and retaining primordial follicles (Haddad et al., 2020).